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King Fahd Ibn Abdul Aziz Al Saud

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Saudi Arabia

King Fahd Ibn Abdul Aziz Al Saud
1921 - 2005

Saudi Arabia

 

 

King Fahd Ibn Abdul Aziz Al Saud    Born in 1921 (1340 H), King Fahd studied at the Prince's School and later at the Saudi Institute in Makkah Al Mukarramah. In 1953 (1371 H), during the reign of King Saud, he was appointed the country's first Minister of Education, energetically contributing to the development of Education in the Kingdom. In 1962 (1381 H), he was appointed Minister of the Interior, and in 1967 (1387 H) Second Deputy Premier. In 1975 (1395 H) during the era of King Khaled, he became Crown Prince and First Deputy Premier. He became King of Saudi Arabia in 1982 (1402 H) following the death of King Khaled. Throughout his political career, King Fahd participated in and led various Saudi delegations, thus acquiring the expertise needed to take important decisions in both domestic and international domains. His early activities included attending the U. N. inauguration meeting in San Francisco in 1945 (1364 H). He headed the Kingdom's delegation to the Coronation of Elizabeth II in 1953 (1371 H).

The New Government System
King Fahd has directed a giant advance in government restructuring in the Kingdom. On 1/3/1992 (27/08/1412 H) he announced the establishment of four new systems

  1. The Basic Government System.
  2. The Al Shoura Council System
  3. The Provincial System
  4. The Council of Ministers System.

On the strength of these systems and regulations the State's legislative and executive authorities are limited to specific terms, after which membership is renewed or new members are appointed for 4-year terms. The aim of the new systems is to tap the pool of qualified youths in the country. The Basic Law of Government confirms that the System of Government in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is a Monarchy. The Basic Law confines assumption of power to the sons of the Founder, King Abdul Aziz Al Saud and their offspring, with the oath of allegiance pledged to the most qualified among them.

The King presides over the Council of Ministers, which controls the executive and organizational powers. Currently, the Council is comprised of two Deputy Premiers and 22 Ministers. They run the affairs of State in the sovereignty, services and development sectors. The sovereignty sector includes the Interior, Foreign, Defense and Justice Ministries. The services sector includes the Ministries of Health, Education, Higher Education, Communications, PTT, Public Works and Housing, Labor and Social Affairs, Hajj, Islamic Affairs, Dawa and Endowments, Information and Municipal and Rural Affairs. The development Sector includes the Ministries of Finance, Commerce, Planning, Agriculture and Water, Industry and Electricity and Petroleum and Mineral Resources. Linked to these Ministries are several public agencies.

The Provinces (Governorates) of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
The Governorate is the basic regional unit of local government in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
The Kingdom is made up of the following 13 Governorates:

Governorate Capital
Riyadh Riyadh
Makkah Al Mukarramah Makkah Al Mukarramah
Al Madinah Al Munawwarah Al Madinah Al Munawwarah
The Eastern Region Dammam
Al Qasseem Buraidah
Hayel Hayel
Tabouk Tabouk
The Northen Borders Ar'ar
Aseer Abha
Al Jouf Skaka
Al Baha Al Baha
Jizan Jizan
Najran Najran

Appointed by the King, the Governor is the representative of the central government and administrative governor of his Governorate. He is charged with preserving security and order as well as improving services and facilities. Although he is entrusted with the administrative supervision of ministry branches and governmental departments in his Governorate, they are not accountable to him. The Governor is accountable to the Minister of Interior, while the governmental agencies are accountable to central organs in Riyadh, the capital.

Municipalities represent the second level of local government organization in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; they control general organization, landscaping and public hygiene. Each administrative region (Governorate) is made up of a number of provinces and centers. They are divided into A and B categories, according to population, geographic, security and environmental considerations, as well as means of communications. The province is accountable to the Governor. Each Governorate has a governor, deputy governor and a deputy. Each province has a governor and a deputy. There is also a chief for each center.

Provincial Councils
The Kingdom's Provincial System gave rise to the establishment of provincial councils to study the upgrading of services in each province.

 

 

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